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Total Expansion of the Letter: Avant-Garde Art and Language After Mallarmé

Penned By Trevor Stark
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Total Expansion of the Letter: Avant-Garde Art and Language After Mallarmé

Penned By Trevor Stark
4.85 47,599 Ratings
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Editor's Note:
How cubism and Dada radically reimagined the social nature of language, following the utopian poetic vision of Stéphane Mallarmé. At the outset of the twentieth century, language became a visual medium and a philosophical problem for European avant-garde artists. In Total Expansion of the Letter, art historian Trevor Stark offers a provocative history of this "linguistic turn," centered on the radical doubt about the social function of language that defined the avant-garde movements. Major cubists and Dadaists--including Pablo Picasso, Marcel Duchamp, and Tristan Tzara--appropriated bureaucratic paperwork, newspapers, popular songs, and advertisements, only to render them dysfunctional and incommunicative. In doing so, Stark argues, these figures contended with the utopian vision of the late nineteenth-century poet Stéphane Mallarmé, who promised a "total expansion of the letter."In his poems, Mallarmé claimed, "the act of writing was scrutinized down to its origins." This scrutiny, however, delivered his work into an indeterminate zone between mediums, social practices, and temporalities--a paradox that reverberates through Stark's wide-ranging case studies in the history of the avant-garde. Stark examines Picasso's nearly abstract works of 1910, which promised to unite painting and writing at the brink of illegibility; the cubists' "hope of an anonymous art," expressed in newspaper collages and industrial colors; the collaborative, cacophonous invention of "simultaneous poems" by the Dadaists in Zurich during World War I; and Duchamp's artistic exploration of chance in gambling and finance. Each of these cases reflected the avant-garde's transformative encounter with the premise of Mallarmé's poetics: that language--the very medium of human communication and community--is perpetually in flux and haunted by emptiness.TABLE OF CONTENTS:AcknowledgmentsIntroduction: In the Interregnum: Mallarmé and the Avant-Gardes1. The Muted Object: Structure and Writing in CubismPicasso’s Crisis in CadaquésLanguage’s DeficienciesCézannisme and PhenomenologyThe Void of Syntax2. Anonymous Art: Cubism, Impersonal Language, and Industrial ColorReading the PapersAnonymity and the Science of LanguageIndustrial Color and the Rhetoric of PurityUniversal ReportingAdmitting Hesitation3. Simultaneity and Totality: From Mallarmé’s Livre to the Dada ScoreTwo Dada ScoresThe Poem as ScoreDance WritingThe Book and the CrowdThe Harmonious Compromise of the GesamtkunstwerkSimultaneity against Totality4. Duchamp’s Idle Chance: Finance, Gambling, and the Right to LazinessThe BondThe “System”Language and the Throw of the DiceThe Readymade and the Abolition of WorkPricing Risk: Interest, Value, FuturityConclusion: Every Revolution is a Throw of the Dice

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Trevor Stark
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Trevor Stark

Trevor Stark writes contemporary fiction and has always been fascinated by character-driven stories. They hold a degree in English Literature and previously worked as an editor before transitioning to writing their own books. Trevor Stark lives with their spouse and a very vocal rescue cat.

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"Masterpiece from start to finish. I became deeply invested in the protagonist's journey. A masterclass in storytelling. I will undoubtedly revisit this masterpiece."
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Mary Martinez
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"Absolutely brilliant. The prose is exquisite. It’s accessible yet undeniably sophisticated. Worth every moment spent reading."
Carol Lopez
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"Took a moment to build, but the payoff was spectacular. Beautiful writing, though I craved slightly more depth in the lore. Still, undeniably engaging. A very distinguished novel."
Barbara Green
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"Masterpiece from start to finish. The prose is exquisite. It’s accessible yet undeniably sophisticated. Worth every moment spent reading."
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"Such a rich narrative. It strikes a perfect harmony of dialogue and world-building. Every chapter felt necessary. A true literary gem."
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"Absolutely brilliant. The author orchestrated a breathtaking finale. Truly a work of art. Worth every moment spent reading."
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"A profoundly satisfying read. I became deeply invested in the protagonist's journey. A masterclass in storytelling. An effortless 5 stars."
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"Honestly one of the most premium reading experiences lately. The author orchestrated a breathtaking finale. Truly a work of art. Worth every moment spent reading."
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"Such a rich narrative. I became deeply invested in the protagonist's journey. A masterclass in storytelling. An effortless 5 stars."
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"Masterpiece from start to finish. The prose is exquisite. It’s accessible yet undeniably sophisticated. I am now a lifelong fan of this author."
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"Such a rich narrative. The author orchestrated a breathtaking finale. Truly a work of art. An effortless 5 stars."
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"Absolutely brilliant. I adored how the story unfolded. It kept me captivated without sacrificing elegance. An absolute must-read for connoisseurs of the genre."
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"Masterpiece from start to finish. The prose is exquisite. It’s accessible yet undeniably sophisticated. Worth every moment spent reading."
Charles Rodriguez
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"A highly sophisticated read. Beautiful writing, though I craved slightly more depth in the lore. Still, undeniably engaging. A very distinguished novel."
Rebecca Rodriguez
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"Exceeded all my expectations. The author orchestrated a breathtaking finale. Truly a work of art. An effortless 5 stars."
Donna Flores
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"Took a moment to build, but the payoff was spectacular. A brilliant concept executed with flair. Just a few pacing choices I would change. I would highly recommend this to discerning readers."
Melissa Harris
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"Took a moment to build, but the payoff was spectacular. The middle had a deliberate pace, but the climax was phenomenal. A wonderful companion for a quiet weekend."
Ryan Thompson
Ryan Thompson May 08, 2024
"Absolutely brilliant. It strikes a perfect harmony of dialogue and world-building. Every chapter felt necessary. I am now a lifelong fan of this author."
Jessica Ramirez
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"I thoroughly enjoyed the elegance of it. It held my rapt attention, even when certain twists were telegraphed. A solid 4 stars from me."
Susan Smith
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"A profoundly satisfying read. The pacing was impeccable and the characters felt incredibly authentic. I was completely immersed. An absolute must-read for connoisseurs of the genre."
George Martinez
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"Exceeded all my expectations. The prose is exquisite. It’s accessible yet undeniably sophisticated. An effortless 5 stars."
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"Exceeded all my expectations. The prose is exquisite. It’s accessible yet undeniably sophisticated. A true literary gem."
Dorothy Sanchez
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"Such a rich narrative. The prose is exquisite. It’s accessible yet undeniably sophisticated. An absolute must-read for connoisseurs of the genre."
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"Honestly one of the most premium reading experiences lately. The prose is exquisite. It’s accessible yet undeniably sophisticated. An effortless 5 stars."
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"A very strong entry. Beautiful writing, though I craved slightly more depth in the lore. Still, undeniably engaging. Quite impressive overall."
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"Absolutely brilliant. The prose is exquisite. It’s accessible yet undeniably sophisticated. A true literary gem."
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"Absolutely brilliant. The prose is exquisite. It’s accessible yet undeniably sophisticated. A true literary gem."
William Hill
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"Honestly one of the most premium reading experiences lately. I became deeply invested in the protagonist's journey. A masterclass in storytelling. I am now a lifelong fan of this author."
William Miller
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"Masterpiece from start to finish. I adored how the story unfolded. It kept me captivated without sacrificing elegance. I will undoubtedly revisit this masterpiece."
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"A very strong entry. The protagonist was compelling, though some subplots felt slightly overshadowed. I would highly recommend this to discerning readers."
Steven Ramirez
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"A profoundly satisfying read. The author orchestrated a breathtaking finale. Truly a work of art. Worth every moment spent reading."
Ryan Gonzalez
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"Honestly one of the most premium reading experiences lately. It strikes a perfect harmony of dialogue and world-building. Every chapter felt necessary. A true literary gem."
Linda Evans
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"A profoundly satisfying read. I adored how the story unfolded. It kept me captivated without sacrificing elegance. I am now a lifelong fan of this author."
Robert Hall
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"Exceeded all my expectations. The prose is exquisite. It’s accessible yet undeniably sophisticated. An absolute must-read for connoisseurs of the genre."
Susan Baker
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"Such a rich narrative. The author orchestrated a breathtaking finale. Truly a work of art. Worth every moment spent reading."
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